Ethanol's Net Energy Balance

There is a widely held misconception that ethanol has a negative energy balance, due to one research study conducted by Dr. David Pimentel in the early 1980s. Pimentel's outdated data and incorrect assumptions have been proven wrong by science time and time again.

It is incorrect to say that ethanol has a negative energy balance, and it is incorrect to say that ethanol's energy balance is in question. Here is a sampling of the research showing that ethanol, without question, offers far more energy as a fuel than the energy needed to produce it.

• Issue Brief: Net Energy Balance
• Local Institute for Self Reliance
• Science Journal
• Natural Resources Defense Council
• U.S. Department of Agriculture
• Michigan State University
• Energy Balance of Ethanol Derived from Switchgrass - USDA

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